Atu XIX dreams and dreaming
It is known that sleep - the foundation of life. It is even more important than food. Can, as we found out fast without any harm to the health of a few weeks, but nobody can do without sleep for more than a few days. In ancient England a criminal sentenced to death, depriving of sleep. In China, it was the most horrible torture. People are exposed to it, went mad and died. What is sleep?
Sleep - Physiological periodic state of the brain and the human body and the higher animals, apparently characterized by immobility and disconnecting from the stimuli of the outside world. Subjectively, the person at the same time inhibited the perceived mental activity, periodically restored at the experience of dreaming. Usually dreams are later forgotten.
In 50 - 70 years of XX century it was established that dream - not a single state but a set of at least two states or phases that are different manifestations of brain activity and functional purpose.
The first phase - "slow" a dream: he appears as a slow oscillation rate of the potential (EEG confirms this). This cycle is divided into four stages: first - drowsiness, the second - a sleepy "spindles", the third - the growth rate, "spindle", the fourth - the dominant "high" wave.
The second phase - a "fast" or REM sleep - a combination of expressions of "deep" and "superficial" sleep. Sleep state is ensured by an extensive system of neural structures that occupy all areas of the brain, but parts of the system perform different functions. In recent studies of brain mechanisms of sleep idea of a dream as a suspension of the nervous activity of cells undergoing changes. On this account, there are many theories, including the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov.
Sleep disorders are manifested as a reduction of sleep time or quality violations. Of particular importance in sleep disorders is emotional instability, anxiety, low mood, anxiety, fatigue. The reason they could be schizophrenia, manic-depressive disorder, many nervous diseases, diseases of internal organs, endocrine system, metabolic diseases, accompanied by pain, decrease in cerebral oxygen saturation. Sleep disorders are common and have a completely healthy people. Influenced by social factors, urbanization, the level of information and other factors. Painful lengthening of sleep also occurs in a group of individuals with pathology, manifested in excessive sleepiness. More frequent bouts of narcolepsy with irresistible sleepiness, frightening dreams during sleep.
How much sleep should a healthy person without a sleep disorder? Unequivocal answer to this question. Some want to sleep 8 - 10 hours, while others reduced strength, sleep four hours. Most people need 7 - 8 hours of sleep each day, women and children - a little more. Hour of sleep before midnight, according to specialists, is three hours after it.
To be healthy, you need to sleep properly. During sleep, the head should be facing to the north - this is due to vibrations of the Earth. It is better to sleep on the porch or in a well ventilated area. Need to sleep in loose clothing or not, if conditions permit.
Instead of a pillow is better to take a hard cushion, as already mentioned.
Sleep better on a solid, for example on message boards or special mattresses. You can use earplugs to protect themselves from external stimuli.
Recommended that one to bed, so it is advisable that the couple had separate bedrooms.
If necessary, you can sleep after dinner, the best time of from 12 to 14 hours.
Dreams - a special theme. Interest in them has existed in all epochs. Since ancient times believed that they have a special meaning and are subject to interpretation. There is even a science of interpreting dreams - oneyromaniya.
But the approach to dreams has evolved over the centuries. Some religions have considered the dream as the expression of the will of the gods, the invasion of demons, the ability to make contact with the invisible world. "
The oldest extant dream book date back to 2000 BC. er, it is the interpreter of ancient Egypt, containing 200 interpretation of dreams and describing protective rituals for the sleeping dreamer.
Interpretation of dreams in order to cure diseases played a huge role in ancient medicine. The first experiments of a rational interpretation of dreams belong to the ancient Greek philosophers (Democritus, Plato and others). According to Plato, the dreams may be a source of creative inspiration.
The founder of the psychological approach in explaining the dream became Aristotle. He viewed dreams as a continuation of the brain.
